"[..] polyserine tract of AmVg and NvVg were synthesized by CPC Scientific (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) for NMR analysis. The synthesis was performed after isotope-labeling expression attempts in Escherichia coli were deemed unsuitable [..] The peptides had the following sequences: AmVg (residues 358–392): EKLKQDILNLRTDISTS(Sp)SS(15I)SSSEENDFWQPKPT AmVg (residues 336–385): R(15V)SKT(15A)MNSNQI(15V)SDNS(15L)-(15S)STEEK(15L)KQDI(15L)N(15L)RTDI(15S)S(15S)(Sp)S(15A)IS (15S)(15S)EEND. NvVg (residues 351–385): EHKHSDESTSE(Sp)FES(15I)ADNNDDSYFQRKPKLTEAP." NvVg (residues 335–372): RPNK(15L)N(15L)QRRHDHKS(15G)EHKHSDE(15S)S-(15S)E(Sp)FE(15A)I(15A)DNNDD.
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) is an egg-yolk precursor protein in most oviparous species. In honeybee (Apis mellifera), the protein (AmVg) also affects social behavior and life-span plasticity. Despite its manifold functions, the AmVg molecule remains poorly understood. The subject of our structure-oriented AmVg study is its polyserine tract — a little-investigated repetitive protein segment mostly found in insects. We previously reported that AmVg is tissue specifically cleaved in the vicinity of this tract. Here, we show that, despite its potential for an open, disordered structure, AmVg is unexpectedly resistant to trypsin/chymotrypsin digestion at the tract. Our findings suggest that multiple phosphorylation plays a role in this resilience. Sequence variation is highly pronounced at the polyserine region in insect Vgs. We demonstrate that sequence differences in this region can lead to structural variation, as NMR and circular dichroism (CD) evidence assign different conformational propensities to polyserine peptides from the honeybee and the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis; the former is extended and disordered and the latter more compact and helical. CD analysis of the polyserine region of bumblebee Bombus ignitus and wasp Pimpla nipponica supports a random coil structure in these species. The spectroscopic results strengthen our model of the AmVg polyserine tract as a flexible domain linker shielded by phosphorylation.
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Development of a selective, sensitive and robust oxyntomodulin dual monoclonal antibody immunoassay.
Umberger, T.S., Ming, W., Cox, J.M., Konrad, R.J. and Siegel, R.W. Bioanalysis 14, no. 18 (2022): 1229-1239.
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN46285, USA
Human K2 EDTA and P800 plasma (500 μl) was spiked with proglucagon 33–61, 35–61 and 36–61 stable-isotope-labeled internal standard peptides (CPC Scientific, custom order) and diluted with I buffer (25 mmol/l Tris-HCl, 25 mmol/l HEPES, 300 mmol/l NaCl, 0.1% (v/v) octyl β-D-glucopyranoside, pH 7.5).
Line, J.E.; Seal, B.S.; Garrish, J.K. Appl. Microbiol. 2022, 2, 688–700.
Peptides were synthesized using standard solid-phase(Fmoc) chemistry with a peptide synthesizer (CPC Scientific Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94089,USA, C12K-2β12 [..]
Kirk, N.S., Chen, Q., Wu, Y.G., Asante, A.L., Hu, H., Espinosa, J.F., Martínez-Olid, F., Margetts, M.B., Mohammed, F.A., Kiselyov, V.V. and Barrett, D.G. Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (2022): 5695.
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
Peptides were synthesized under contract by CPC Scientific, except for the N-terminally acetylated version of IM172N22 and the Glu3Arg, Glu3Ala, Glu4Arg, Glu4Ala, Glu5Ala, Glu5Arg, Trp6Ala, Gln8Ala, Ile9Ala, Glu10Ala, Glu10Arg and Tyr14Ala mutants of IM172N22
Coskun, T., Urva, S., Roell, W.C., Qu, H., Loghin, C., Moyers, J.S., O’Farrell, L.S., Briere, D.A., Sloop, K.W., Thomas, M.K. and Pirro, V. Cell Metabolism 34, no. 9 (2022): 1234-1247.
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
Homologous and heterologous competition experiments were performed with non-radioactive peptide analogues[127I]-Tyr1-GIP(1-42) and [127]-Tyr10-GIP(1-42) to ensure quantification of the high-affinity binding site of the GIPR. Peptide analogues were generated using synthetic [127I]-Tyr amino acid building blocks (CPC Scientific).
Cecil, D.L., Curtis, B., Gad, E., Gormley, M., Timms, A.E., Corulli, L., Bos, R., Damle, R.N., Sepulveda, M.A. and Disis, M.L. Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022): 13618.
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA 98195-8050, USA.
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA, USA.
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands.
The peptides were constructed and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (> 90% pure; CPC Scientific).
Zonari, A., Brace, L.E., Alencar-Silva, T., Porto, W.F., Foyt, D., Guiang, M., Cruz, E.A.O., Franco, O.L., Oliveira, C.R., Boroni, M. and Carvalho, J.L. Toxicology Reports 9 (2022): 1632-1638.
Peptide 14 (ETAKHWLKGI) (Sup. Fig. 1) was purchased from CPC Scientific Inc. (USA), which synthesized the peptide by solid phase (Fmoc) on a Rink amide resin, with > 95% purity, in the form of acetate salt.
CPC Scientific Inc., a leading global peptide CRDMO (Contract Research, Development, and Manufacturing Organization) has invested in a new peptide API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) manufacturing site, bringing many new jobs to Rocklin, California. The 41,000 sq ft facility located at 3880 Atherton Rd, Rocklin, CA 95765 will be utilized to manufacture clinical to commercial grade peptide products for increased manufacturing capacity and will diversify CPC Scientific’s supply chain.
CPC Scientific is entering an exciting period of growth and innovation for peptide and oligonucleotide therapeutic development and manufacturing, and we will continue to provide therapeutic APIs to pharmaceutical and biotech companies around the world. We are very pleased to partner with the City of Rocklin, California to bring manufacturing and Life-Science jobs to local American workers,” said Shawn Lee, PhD, CEO.
Ikeda, Z., Kakegawa, K., Kikuchi, F., Itono, S., Oki, H., Yashiro, H., Hiyoshi, H., Tsuchimori, K., Hamagami, K., Watanabe, M. and Sasaki, M. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 65, no. 12 (2022): 8456-8477.
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
Subsequently, 5FAM–Abu–Gly–Asp–Asp–Asp–Lys–Ile–Val–Gly–Gly–Lys(CPQ2)–Lys–Lys–NH2 (purity: 97.2%, CPC Scientific, Inc.) was diluted with an assay buffer to prepare a 2.1 μM substrate solution.
The transferred energy from a fluorescent donor is converted into molecular vibrations if the acceptor is a non-fluorescent dye (quencher). When the FRET is terminated (by separating donor and acceptor), an increase of donor fluorescence can be detected. The design and synthesis work at CPC for FRET and TR-FRET peptide substrates include modification of sequences, selection of donor/quencher pairs, improvement of FRET substrate solubility and quenching efficiency.